Israel Gas
Leviathan, Tamar & Export Routes

Israel became a significant gas producer when Tamar (2013) and Leviathan (2019) came online, producing 27.38 bcm in 2024. It exports to Egypt and Jordan — anchored by a $35 billion export deal signed in August 2025 — and sanctioned the Leviathan Phase 1B expansion in January 2026.

35+

Tcf Discovered

Producing Fields

2013

First Production

27.4

Bcm Produced

2024

Major Gas Fields

Leviathan

Discovered 2010 · Operated by Chevron

Full Leviathan profile

~22 Tcf

Producing

Tamar

Discovered 2009 · Operated by Chevron

10 Tcf

Producing

Karish

Discovered 2019 · Operated by Energean

2.4 Tcf

Producing

Tanin

Discovered 2012 · Operated by Energean

1.2 Tcf

Development

Leviathan Gas Field — Full Profile

Israel's giant next to Cyprus: ~22 Tcf of reserves, the Phase 1B expansion, exports to Egypt and Jordan, and the Aphrodite unitization link. Read the dedicated deep dive.

Leviathan Phase 1B Expansion

In January 2026, the Leviathan partners took a $2.36 billion final investment decision on Phase 1B, expanding capacity from around 12 to around 21 bcm per year, with first gas targeted for the second half of 2029. The expansion underpins the $35 billion NewMed-led export deal with Egypt (August 2025), covering up to 130 bcm to around 2040.

Updated July 2026 · Sources: NewMed Energy, Chevron, Israel Ministry of Energy

Cyprus-Israel Cooperation

EastMed Pipeline Project

The EastMed pipeline is a proposed 1,900 km subsea pipeline connecting Israeli and Cypriot gas to Greece and Italy. If built, it would be the world's longest and deepest subsea pipeline.

1,900 km

Length

$6-7B

Cost

10-20

Bcm/year

3,000 m

Max Depth

Status: Dormant. No final investment decision has been taken; the project is stalled by cost and financing challenges, though it has not been formally cancelled. Smaller alternatives — gas via Egypt's LNG plants and a proposed ~1 bcm/yr Israel-Cyprus link — have gained ground.

EastMed pipeline details

Shared Infrastructure Potential

Joint offshore processing facilities
Shared pipeline to Egypt LNG
Coordinated European export strategy

Bilateral Agreements

2010: EEZ delimitation agreement
2020: Energy cooperation MoU
EMGF joint membership
Energean-Cyfield MoU: Karish gas piped to a power plant near Larnaca — the first proposed direct Israel-Cyprus link (pre-FID)

Israel-Lebanon Maritime Boundary

The Israel-Lebanon maritime border was resolved by a US-brokered agreement in 2022, opening Lebanon's southern blocks to exploration. The Qana/Block 9 well drilled in 2023 was unsuccessful; a TotalEnergies-Eni-QatarEnergy consortium signed the Block 8 exploration permit in January 2026.

Cyprus vs Israel Comparison

Metric	Cyprus 🇨🇾	Israel 🇮🇱
Discovered Reserves	17-18 Tcf	35+ Tcf
First Discovery	2011	2009
First Production	Cronos ~2027-28, Aphrodite ~2030 (planned)	2013
Export Status	Planning	Exporting
Major Operator	ENI, ExxonMobil	Chevron